考研英语备考：定语从句翻译考前分类辅导

　　1．前置定语
　　98年 71） But even more important， it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past， for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
　　结构分析：这是一个复合句。 But even more important是整个句子的状语，it was the farthest是主句，that scientists had been able to look into the past是修饰the farthest的定语从句，for引导原因状语从句（参见1995年71题），在这个状语从句中，what they were seeing是主语从句，were the patterns and structures是状语从句中的系表结构，that existed…是修饰名词patterns and structures的定语从句。
　　译文： 但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
　　02年 64）They are the possessions of the autonomous （self-governing） man of traditional theory， and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and 　　given credit for his achievements.
　　结构分析：这是一个复合句。主句是由两个并列的分句构成的：They are…， and they are；in which引导定语从句，修饰practices，其中is held responsible for … and given credit for …并列做定语从句的谓语，given前面省略了助动词is。
　　译文： 自由和尊严（它们）是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。
　　它们（自由和尊严）对于那种要求个人对自己的行为负责并因为其业绩而受到赞扬的做法来说，是必不可少的。