2003年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考2003年试题及参考答案

2003年试题及参考答案

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes , 10 points )

16.  Scientists estimate that about 530 000 other objects, too small to detect with radar, ______ the Earth too.

      A. being circled       B. are circling    C. are to be circling     D. are being circled

17.  During the past years the ______ of automobile accidents in New York City has decreased.

      A. degree             B. quantity      C. number      D. amount

18.  Both approaches require that the actor ______ his or her own personal values as well as the character's.

      A. must understand  B. should understand  C. has to understand  D. need to understand

19.  It is wrong for people to think that experts are ______ right when they explain their ideas on some subjects.

     A. steadily    B. constantly     C. persistently        D. continuously

20.  We had a party last weekend, and it was a lot of fun. So let's have ______ one this weekend.

     A. another    B. more     C. the other             D. other

21.  The brave firemen had fought for days before they managed to ______ the forest fire.

     A. put on            B. put up     C. put off            D. put out

22.  You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting _______ you don't mind taking the night train.

     A. if              B. unless     C. though            D. until

23.  He _________ that a combination of recent oil discoveries and the advance of new technology will lead to a decline in the price of crude oil.

     A. predicts           B. compels     C. arranges           D. disputes

24.  ________ in a simple style, the book clearly describes the author's childhood experiences in a small town.

     A. Writing          B. To be written     C. Being written       D. Written

25.  For these reasons, the newspaper is having _________ problems in the north of the country.

     A. distribution           B. regulation     C. recognition           D. destruction

26.  The parents were much kinder to their youngest child than they were to the others,__________, of course, made the others jealous.

      A. which            B. that      C. what             D. who

27.  "Sorry, there are no tickets ___________ for tomorrow's performance," the ticket officer said politely.

      A. preferable          B. considerable      C. accessible          D. available

28.  With temperature _________ so rapidly, we could not go on with the experiment.

      A. fell           B. fall      C. falling          D. fallen

29:  History has demonstrated that countries with different social systems can join hands in meeting the common challenges to human _________ and development.

      A. evolution          B. survival      C. satisfaction        D. damage

30.  _________ before we departed last weekend, we would have had a wonderful dinner party.

      A. Had they arrived                B. Would they arrive

      C. Were they arriving               D. Were they to arrive

31.  A lot of people were ready to work long hours because high unemployment meant that

      they could easily be

      A. separated          B. appointed      C. transferred          D. replaced

32.  ___________ that saw the trade between the two countries reach its highest point.

      A. During the 1990's               B. That it was in the 1990's

      C. It was in the 1990's              D. It was the 1990's

33.  They have been waiting for many hours. The airplane must have been

      A. of schedule                     B. on schedule

     C. ahead of schedule                 D. behind schedule

34.  The manager promised to keep me __________ of how our business was going on.

     A. informed                        B. informing

     C. to be informed                    D. having informed

35.  We can't afford to let the situation get worse. We have to take _________ to put it right.

     A. decisions                        B. advantages

     C. sides                            D. steps

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (55 minutes , 40 points )     

Passage one

The worst thing about television and radio is that entertain us , saving us the trouble of entertaining ourselves .

A hundred years ago , before all these devices were invented , if a person wanted to entertain himself with a song or a piece of music, he would have to do the singing himself or pock up a violin and play it . Now , all he has to do is turn on the radio or TV . As a result , singing and music have declined .

Italians used to sing all the time . Now , they only do it in Hollywood movies . Indian movies are mostly a series of songs and dances trapped around silly stories . As a result , they don’t do much singing in Indian villages anymore . Indeed, ever since radio first came to life, there has been a terrible decline in amateur(业余的)singing throughout the world.

There are two reasons for this sad decline : one ,human beings are astonishingly lazy. Put a lift in a building, and people would rather take it than climb even two flights of steps. Similarly, invent a machine that sings, and people would rather let the machine sing than sing themselves. The other reason is that people are easily embarrassed. When there is a famous, talented musician readily available by pushing a button, which amateur violinist or pianist would want to try to entertain family or friends by himself?

These earnest reflections came to me recently when two CDs arrived in the mail. They are historic recordings of famous writers reading their own works. It was thrilling to hear the voices from a long dead past in the late 19th century. But today, reading out loud anything is no longer common. Today, we sing songs to our children until they are about two, we read simple books to them till they are about five, and once they have learnt to read themselves, we become deaf. We're alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo (立体声音响).

      I count myself extremely lucky to have been born before TV became so common. I was about six before TV appeared. To keep us entertained, my mother had to do a good deal of singing and tell us endless tales. It was the same in many other homes. People spoke a language; they sang it, they recited it; it was something they could feel.

      Professional actors' performance is extraordinarily revealing. But I still prefer my own reading. Because it's mine. For the same reason, people find karaoke (卡拉OK) liberating. It is almost the only electronic thing that gives them back their own voice. Even if their voices are hopelessly out of tune, at least it is meaningful self-entertainment.

 36.  The main idea of this passage is that ________

       A. TV and radio can amuse us with beautiful songs and music

       B. TV and radio prevent us from self-entertainment

       C. people should sing songs and read books aloud themselves

       D. parents should sing songs and read books aloud to their children

 37.  According to the passage, Italians _______

       A. only sing songs in Hollywood

       B. are no longer fond of music

       C. only sing and dance in villages

       D. don't sing much nowadays

 38.  Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decline in amateur singing?

       A. It is easier for people to please themselves with songs through TV and radio.

       B. Amateurs feel embarrassed for they cannot sing as well as the professionals.

       C. People don't want to take the trouble to sing songs themselves.

       D. Famous and talented musicians can easily be met.

  39.  When hearing the voices from the famous writers of a long dead past, the author

       A. was very excited

       B. was very frightened

       C. thought that writers shouldn't read' their own books

       D. thought the past recording was not of good quality

  40. The author's attitude toward karaoke is

       A. negative          B. positive       C. neutral            D. indifferent

Passage Two

      If those "mad moments" -- when you can't remember what your friend has told you or where you left your keys -- are becoming more frequent, mental exercises and a healthy brain diet may help.

      Just as bodies require more maintenance with the passing years, so do brains, which scientists now know show signs of aging as early as the 20s and 30s. "Brain aging starts at a very young age, younger than any of us had imagined and these processes continue gradually over the years," said Dr. Gary Small, the director of the Center on Aging at the University of California, Los Angeles. "I'm convinced that it is never too early to get started on a mental or brain-fitness program," he added.

      In his book, The Memory Bible, the 51-year-old neuroscientist (神经学家) lists what he refers to as the 10 suggestions for keeping the brain young. They include training memory, building skills, reducing stress, mental exercises,! brain food and a healthy lifestyle. It's a game plan for keeping brain cells sparking and neural networks in perfect shape.

      "Misplacing your keys a couple of times doesn't mean you should start labeling your cabinets. Memory loss is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Our brains can fight back," he said.

     Small provides the weapons for a full-scale attack.

     Simple memory tests give an indication of what you are up against and tools such as "look" and "connect" are designed to make sure that important things such as names and dates are never forgotten. "So if you wanted to learn names and faces, for example, you meet Mrs. Beatty and you notice a distinguishing facial feature, maybe a high eyebrow," said Small. "You associate the first thing that comes to mind. I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create a mental pictures of Warren Beatty kissing her brow."

     Small admits it may sound a bit strange but he says it works. "Mental exercises could be anything from doing crossword puzzles and writing with your left hand if you are right handed or learning a language. It could be anything that is fun that people enjoy doing", he added.

     He also recommends physical exercise, a low-fat diet and eating foods rich in fatty acids, such as fish, nuts, and fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants (抗氧化剂) including blueberries and onions in addition to reducing stress.

41.  The "mad moment" in the first paragraph refers to the time when we ________

      A. don't listen to our friends

      B. have lost our important things

      C. have some mental problems

      D. have a bad memory

42.  In this passage, the author mainly tells us ___________

      A. everyone has bad memories sometimes no matter how old he is

      B. we can prevent our mind from aging with various methods

      C. brain aging starts at the time when we are in the 20s and 30s

      D. memory loss is not the sign that we are getting old

43.  By giving the example "you meet Mrs. Beatty and you notice a distinguishing ... eyebrow",

      Dr. Small is trying to explain the memory tool of

      A. look                          B. physical exercises

      C. connect                        D. mental exercises

44.  By saying "I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create.., her brow", Dr. Small is trying to explain the memory tool of

      A. remembering facial features       B. reducing stress

      C. connecting related things         D. observing carefully

45.  Mental exercises do NOT include

      A. writing with one's left hand

      B. learning a foreign language

      C. doing crossword puzzles

      D. taking pictures

Passage Three

      It may look like just another playgroup, but a unique educational center in Manhattan is really giving babies something to talk about. "It's a school to teach languages to babies and young children with games, songs -- some of the classes also have arts and crafts," said Francois Thibaut, the founder of the Language Workshop for Children, a place where babies become bilingual.

      Children as young as few months are exposed to French and Spanish before many of them can even speak English. Educators use special songs and visual (视觉的) aids to ensure that when a child is ready to talk, the languages will not be so foreign. "Children have a unique capacity to learn many languages at the same time," said Thibaut. "Already at nine months, a child can tell the differences between the sounds he or she has heard since birth and the sounds he or she has never heard yet." Thibaut says the best time to expose children to language is from birth to 3 years old. For the last 30 years, the school has been using what it calls the Thibaut Technique, a system that combines language lessons with child's play.

      "I always wanted to learn Spanish, but by the time I got to high school it was too late to pick it up and speak fluently," said Marc Lazare, who enrolled his son at the school. "I figured at this age, two, it's a perfect time for him to learn."

     Aside from learning a language, the kids also gain a tremendous sense of confidence. One young student boasted that aside from French, she can speak five languages (though that included "monkey" and "lion"). The school gives children the tools to communicate, and sometimes that gives them an advantage over their parents. "I think they sometimes speak French when they think I won't understand them," said parent Foster Gibbons.

     Depending on the age group, classes run from 45 minutes up to 2 hours. Even when students are not in class, the program is designed to make sure the learning continues at home. Tapes and books are included so kids can practice on their own.

 46.  The word "bilingual" in the first paragraph probably means _________

       A. capable of using two languages

       B. both clever and confident

C. aware of their own limitations and strengths

       D. independent of their parents

47.  The passage tells us that the best time for a child to learn languages is _______

       A. before seven years old

       B. from birth to three years old

       C. in his childhood

       D. in his teens

48.  According to Thibaut, it is possible ________

       A. for children to take advantage of their parents by using a foreign language

       B. to expose children to a foreign language after they can speak English

       C. to combine language lessons with sports games

       D. for children to learn several languages at the same time

49.  The school teaches languages by _______

       A. exposing children to the new environment

       B. using modem facilities and equipment

       C. combining language lessons with games

       D. giving children confidence

50.  The best title for this text is

       A. A Unique Language School for Children

       B. The Foreign Language for Children to Learn

       C. Special Songs and Visual Aids in Learning

       D. The Best Way to Learn a Foreign Language

Passage Four

     The girls in this sixth grade class in East Palo Alto, California, all have the same access to computers as boys.. But researchers say, by the time they get to high school, they are victims of what the researchers call a major new gender (性别) gap in technology. Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women says, "Girls tend to be less comfortable than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which to understand information."

     After re-examining a thousand studies, the American Association of University Women researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer science classes. Girls consistently rate themselves significantly lower than boys in their ability and confidence in using computers. And they use computers less often than boys outside the classroom.

     An instructor of a computer lab says he's already noticed some differences. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, "Boys are not so afraid they might do something that will harm the computer, whereas girls are afraid they might break it somehow."

      Six years ago, the software company Purple Moon noticed that girls' computer usage was falling behind boys. Karen Gould says, "The number one reason girls told us they don't like computer games is not that they're too violent, or too competitive. Girls just said they're incredibly boring."

      Purple Moon says it found what girls want, characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what's going on in their own lives. Karen Gould of Purple Moon Software says, "What we definitely found from girls is that there is no intrinsic (固有的) reason why they wouldn't want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing."

     The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this: the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys must be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21 century.

51.  According to the passage, girls are victims of the gender gap in .technology because      

       A. they can not discover new ways to use computers

       B. they have the same access to computers as boys

       C. they are likely to be less comfortable with computers

       D. they can only use computers for word processing

52.  Girls often feel        

       A. bored with computer games

       B. comfortable using computers

       C. it hard to use computers in word processing

       D. worried about using computers

53.  The research on girls and computers is __________

        A. based on a few recent articles

        B. presented by one person

        C. based on thousands of studies

        D. not considered well grounded

54.  The software company seems to think          

        A. if girls had an equal chance of playing games, they would like computers

        B. if the software was more violent, girls would like it better

        C. if the software content was changed, girls would be more interested

        D. if the characters were funny, girls would like them better

55.  The gender gap needs to be closed because _________

       A. it isn't fair that boys are allowed to use computers all the time

       B. there isn't enough money for upgrading computers

       C. most of the causes may boil down to a question of money

       D. the ability to use computers is important in today's world

Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 5 points)

Directions:  There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

      Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must  56 an educational institution, and they are required to study for a  57  of fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient  58  resources to support themselves  59  in this country.

     In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit,  60 must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or  61  these permits, and there is little that can be done  62  it; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work  63  a permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation (驱逐出境). There are some people from the European countries, who are often given  64  residence permits of up to five years. Some other people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others can work without permits, and foreign students are normally allowed to  65  part-time jobs while they are studying here.

 56.  A. establish       B. purchase      C. prove         D. attend

 57.  A. minimum      B. maximum     C. minority        D. majority

 58.  A. natural        B. financial       C. human        D. economical

 59.  A. after          B. since          C. while         D. before

 60. A. it              B. what         C. that          D. which

 61.  A. receive        B. refuse         C. oppose        D. accept

 62.  A. for           B. on            C. about         D. with

 63.  A. with          B. before        C. after          D. without

 64.  A. temporary     B. interior        C. permanent     D. short

 65.  A. engage        B. take          C. expect         D. work!

Part V Translation (30 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the              ANSWER SHEET.

      The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.

      Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, "What do you think?" Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong's youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day – at the University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take -- but tries to answer the question why.

Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles -- as well as pleases -- today's high-school students. Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.

Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title "Lifelong Learning".              You should base your composition on the Chinese outline given below:

1．终身学习对每个人的重要性。

2．终身学习的方式有多种…

3．你认为你应该采取哪种方式，为什么?

参考答案

Part II  Vocabulary and Structure {20 minutes, 10 points}

16. B  17. C   18. B  19. B  20. A  21. D  22. A   23. A   24. D  25 A  26. A   27. D      28. C    29. B     30. A     31. D    32. D   33. D 34. A     35D

Part III  Reading Comprehension (55 minutes, 40 points)      

36. B  37. D   38. D  39. A  40. B  41. D  42. B   43. A   44. C  45 D  46. A  47. B  48. D 49. C  50. A  51. C  52. A  53. C   54. C   55. D

Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 5 points)

  56. D 57. A  58. B 59. C  60. D 61. B  62. C  63. D  64. A  65. B

Part V  Translation (30 minutes, 15 points)

    在香港，代沟的问题很严重，以至于十几岁的孩子很少向父母或老师征询意见。不管是性、艾滋病、学校中遇到的麻烦，还是家庭问题，他们认为成人都帮不上忙。

    迄今为止，没人问过香港的年轻人：“你在想什么?”然而，香港大学的杰弗里·戴博士所做的研究使我们对香港年轻人的情感有了一些了解。他对年轻人的调查，重点不是问他们服用多少种毒品之类的问题，而是试图找到其中缘由。

    戴博士计划在下周全面解释研究的结果。他希望研究能揭示当今高中学生的喜和忧。研究结论不仅将送呈政府部门，也将通报参加这项调查的学校。

Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

     In today's society, life-long learning has become very important for everyone. This is because one needs to renew his knowledge continuously in order to meet the needs of his work Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

     In today's society, life-long learning has become very important for everyone. This is because one needs to renew his knowledge continuously in order to meet the needs of his work and fast development of the society.

     There are several ways for one to take a life-long learning. One way is to take a part-time education program. It means that one is learning part time while he is working. The program could be at undergraduate level or graduate level. The second way is to study by oneself. You can learn whatever you need for your work on your own. You can learn from books, from TV programs or from Internet or radio.

     In my opinion, life-long learning is necessary to us. We should choose one of the ways mentioned above, which depends on your own personal preference and interest. I prefer the first one because this kind of learning is systematic and formal. With the help of the teachers, it is easier to learn and quicker to get what you need for your work.