考研语法入门篇：特殊限定词的用法比较

　　摘要：考研英语中，冠词、物主限定词、名词属格、指示限定词、基数词和序数词等等，都属于限定词。今天帮帮与大家一起学习一些特殊限定词的用法。

　　►表示“多”的限定词

　　表示“多”的限定词有many, much, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等。

　　1）many, much常用于否定句和疑问句，而a lot of等则常用于肯定句。

　　I haven't seen many English novels.

　　Have you drunk much water today?

　　I have seen a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great number of English novels.

　　I have drunk a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great amount of water today.

　　2）many / much 既可作限定词，也可作不定代词，a lot 也可单独用作名词词组：

　　Have you seen all these novels? ----No, I haven't done very many.

　　You have done a lot for me.

　　►表示“少”的限定词

　　表示“少”的限定词有(a) few, (a) little。

　　1）a few, a little表示"少量"，带有肯定意义。

　　Let's invite a few friends to our party.

　　I had a little difficulty in reading this poem.

　　2）few / little表示否定意义，相当于not many / much, not enough。

　　I have very few pens left. Could you give me some more.

　　There is little food in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket.

　　3）quite a few, a good few, not a few表示“相当多”。

　　Quite a few of us are getting tired.

　　You'll have to wait a good few days.

　　►表示“一些”的限定词

　　表示“一些”的限定词有some, any。

　　1）some 是肯定词，常用于肯定句；any是非肯定词，常用于否定句或疑问句。

　　There are some books for me.

　　There aren't any books for me.

　　Are there any books for me?

　　2）any也常用于条件分句：

　　If you have any trouble, please call me.

　　3）当说话人期待肯定回答时，some也可用于疑问句。

　　Would you like some cake?

　　4）some与单数可数名词搭配时,表示“某一”；any与单数可数名词搭配，表示“任何一个”。

　　Some boy has broken the bowl.

　　Any child could answer that question.

　　►特殊限定词

　　1） 表示“全体”，可用all 和both。其中both则表示两者的“全体”，all表示三者及以上的“全体”。

　　All the ten applicants today are below the average. 今天所有这十位申请者都在平均数以下。

　　Both his parents are doctors. 他父母两人都是医生。

　　2）表示“全体都不”，则需要用none和neither：both---neither，all---none/ none（指人）。

　　None of the students passed the examination. 没有一个学生通过考试。

　　= No one passed the examination. 没有一个学生通过考试。（no one只能指人，不能指物。）

　　Neither of the two students passed the examination. 两个学生都没有通过考试。

　　3）表示全体中的“每个”"，用each和every。其中，两者之间必须用each，三者及以上既可以用each，也可以用every。

　　Each side of the street was full of flowers. 街道的两边都是鲜花。

　　Every student in the class all passed the examination. 这个班的每个学生都通过了考试。

　　4）表示全体中的“任何一个”，两者之间用either，三者及以上用any。

　　I have two pens. You can take either (one).

　　Any child would know how to do it. 每个孩子都知道如何做这个。

　　5）这一类词，除every只能作限定词外，都是既可作限定词，也可作不定代词。

　　all (of) the boys

　　both (of) the boys

　　every boy / every one of the boys

　　each boy / each (one) of the boys

　　either boy / either (one) of the (two) boys

　　neither boy / neither (one) of the (two) boys

　　any boy / any (one) of the (three or more) boys

　　（实习小编：二哈）