考研帮-英语二高频命题（大作文）

Top 1 教育专题 押题统计：张剑、蒋军虎、新东方、陈正康

述相关表述: 1、大学生就业       It’s understandable that, faced with the increasingly stern situation of employment, a great majority （绝大多数） of undergraduates choose the way of trying for master programs to deepen their professional knowledge, so as to avoid a period of sluggish （低迷的） job market and better find the development opportunities.
      面对愈加严峻的就业形式，绝大多数的大学生选择攻读硕士研究生来进一步深化专业知识，以此来规避就业市场的低迷时期，并更好地获得发展机遇。
      Furthermore, a satisfactory salary and benefits package （福利待遇） will guarantee the standard of their life, while a pleasant atmosphere in workplace is a necessary element to prevent distractions and focus on work itself.
      其次，令人满意的薪资福利待遇会保证他们的生活品质，而良好的工作范围是防止分心、专心工作的一个必要因素。
      Today’s employers are putting increasing emphasis on candidate’s problem-solving skills and the correct mindset （思维模式） to get a job which are unfortunately found missing from most young graduates.
      如今的用人单位越来越注重候选人的解决问题能力和正确的就业心态，而不幸的是，这正是大多年轻毕业生所欠缺的。
      To assure smooth integration into professional life, and hence into society, students need to equip themselves with （装备）a battery of professional practical skills and develop a career plan aligned with （使一致） their abilities and interests instead of continuing to moan about （抱怨）the lack of employment opportunities.
      要保证顺利融入职业生涯、步入社会，学生需以一系列专业实践技能装备自己，制定符合自身能力和兴趣的职业规划，而非不断抱怨缺少工作机会。
      As time passed, the rapid expansion of programs and the quality of MBA students have become controversial topics（有争议的话题）, both in and out of business.
      随着时间的推移，MBA的扩招和学生质量已成为商界内外颇具争议的话题。
      Maybe today’s employers place a higher value upon （更注重） a job-hunter’s practical work experience, professional background and personal capability.
      也许现今的雇主更注重求职者的实际工作经验、专业背景以及个人能力。; 2、出国留学及归国       At the same time, as China accelerates the process of （加快进程） internationalization and more jobs are available to returnees, overseas students prefer to go back to China.
      同时，随着中国国际化进程的加快以及就业机会的增加，留学生学成后更愿意回国。
      Perhaps more importantly, the support from national policies acts as a further stimulus. Chinese government has adopted the policy of supporting the overseas studies, and encouraging overseas students to come back after they complete their studies.
      或许更重要的是，国家政策的支持是长久的刺激因素。中国政府一直采取“支持出国留学并鼓励海外留学生完成学业后回国发展”的政策。
      Firstly, as China continues deepening reform and opening up policy（改革开放政策）, the government has adopted various strategies, such as the Project of Thousands Talents to stimulate the return of overseas high-skilled nationals.
      首先，随着中国继续深化改革、开放经济，政府制定了“千人计划”等多种政策激励海外高技能人才回归。
      Secondly, with the faster progress of internationalization, Chinese enterprises are recognizing the need for more employees with international qualifications and networks.
      其次，随着国际化进程加快，中国企业愈加意识到他们需要更多具有国际资质的关系网的雇员。; 3、大学生文化消费       The fact that reading takes the lead （高居榜首） in cultural consumption types reveals that college students still regard acquiring knowledge, whether professional or amateur, as their priority.
      读书在文化消费中高居榜首这一事实表明，大学生仍然将获取知识，不论是专业知识还是非专业知识，看作优先事项。
      With the development of modern technology, students can easily find out information of movies or TV series they are interested in just through surfing the Internet and book a ticket online or buy a VIP membership of video websites.
      随着现代技术的发展，学生们只需通过浏览互联网就可轻易获得有关他们感兴趣的电影或电视剧的信息，并可在线订票或购买视频网站的VIP会员。; 4、大学生逃课问题 To address the issue （要解决这个问题）, we need joint efforts from universities, the teachers and the students themselves. We are in need of more profound educational reform from universities, enhancements of sense of responsibility for teachers and self-discipline（自律） on the part of the students.
要解决这个问题，我们需要大学、老师和学生本身的共同努力。我们需要大学进行更深入的教育改革，需要老师提高责任感，需要学生自律。

热高分热文: Directions       Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
      1) interpret the chart, and
      2) give your comments
      You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points);       The pie chart distinctly exhibits the graduation choices of those to-be graduate. Based upon the data provided above, it can be noticed that 45% college students choose to continue with postgraduate education, which ranks the first among all the categories. Those who intend to obtain employment occupy 26%. And the proportions of starting up business, taking part in civil servant exam and studying abroad take up 15%, 8% and 6% respectively.
The contributing factors accounting for this scenario are in the following. To begin with, along with the admission expansion of colleges, quantities of graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job market. It’s understandable that, faced with the increasingly stern situation of employment （愈加严峻的就业形势） , a great majority of undergraduates choose the way of trying for master programs to deepen their professional knowledge, so as to avoid a period of sluggish job market and better find the development opportunities. Furthermore, we must admit, college students have gradually transformed their outlook on job pursuit. The “iron rice bowl”, namely possessing a stable and lifelong job, such as civil servant, is no longer preferred as before. They now focus more on personal interest. Finally, under the guidance of government and favorable privileges endowed to college students, the proportion of entrepreneurial survival is rising. Hence, growing students take the road of being self-employed.
      Given the analysis talked above, we can see traditional occupation view has been broken. Therefore, it is no surprise to see the current scenario, and I believe this condition will continue in the years to come.
      Thank you for your time and consideration.

译精彩翻译:       上述饼状图清晰地显示了即将毕业的大学生的毕业选择。根据上面提供的数据，我们可以看到，45%的大学生选择继续攻读研究生，这在所有类别中占比最大。想要毕业就找工作就业的同学占26%。打算创业、考公务员、出国留学的学生比例分别是15%、8%和6%。
      导致该现象的起因如下：首先，随着大学的扩招，许许多多大学毕业生不得不面临竞争激烈的就业市场。面对愈加严峻的就业形势，绝大多数的大学生选择攻读硕士研究生来进一步深化专业知识，以此来规避就业市场的低迷时期，并更好地获得发展机遇。其次，我们必须承认，大学生的职业选择观已经逐渐改变。传统的“铁饭碗”，即拥有一份稳定终身的工作，比如公务员，已经不再像之前那样受喜欢。他们现在的职业选择更加注重个人兴趣。最后，在政府的积极指导和授予大学生的特别待遇下，创业存活比例上升。因此，越来越多的大学生走上了自主创业的道路。
      综上所述，我们可以看到传统的就业观已然打破。因此，看到当前的情形丝毫不应感到惊讶，并且我认为这个情况在未来数年仍将持续。

TOP 2 社科文化生活专题 押题统计：张剑、蒋军虎、新东方、陈正康

述相关表述: 1、出境游       They are popular because they can provide both good accommodations and tax deductions to Chinese tourists who buy luxury goods.
      国外旅游目的地受到欢迎，还因为这些地方能够提供良好的食宿并且为购买奢侈品的中国游客减税。
      Besides, some foreign countries have loosened visa requirements （放宽签证要求） for Chinese visitors to boost their economic growth, also contributing to the increase in visitors from China.
      此外，一些国家为促进本国经济增长，已经放宽了对中国游客的签证要求，这也造成了中国出境游客的增多。; 2、养老       To begin with, the tradition of supporting the elders at home in China has hindered the development of nursing institutions. What’s more, while the aging of the population （人口老龄化）is speeding up （加速）, the attention placed on the elders is insufficient.
      首先，中国的家庭养老传统阻碍了养老机构的发展。另外，人口老龄化的速度在加快，但对老年人的关注却不够。
      In addition, more funds should be invested for the construction of elder-care institutions. Only in this way can we construct a society in which the elderly are looked after properly.
      此外，应该投入更多的资金建设养老机构。只有这样，我们才能建设一个“老有所养”的社会。; 3、选择工作的考虑因素       For one thing, the fast-developing and increasingly open social environment, especially the development of the Internet and other emerging industries, has strongly influenced the occupational choices of post 90s.
      一方面，快速发展和越来越开放的社会环境，尤其是互联网及其他新兴产业的发展，深深地影响了90后的职业选择。
      For another, the new family structure--nuclear family （核心家庭）, as well as the fading notion of “raising children for one’s old age”, has made the post 90s shoulder less family responsibilities than the post 80s, and become more self-directed（以自我为中心） when choosing their jobs.
      另一方面，新型家庭结构——核心家庭，以及“养儿防老”观念的逐渐消失，使得90后比80后承担的家庭责任减少，在选择工作时更加以自我为中心。; 4、购房者年龄分布       This generation is old enough to settle down and have a family, and a house is the prerequisite （先决条件） for these objectives.
      这一代到了安家立业的年龄，而房子又是安家立业的前提。
      Besides, they are the first to grow up under the one-child policy rolled out in 1979, and their parents are willing to sacrifice greatly to help them buy a house.
      此外，他们是在1979年开始的独生子女政策下成长起来的第一代独生子女，他们的父母情愿做出巨大牺牲帮助他们买房子。; 5、票房       First of all, with the sustainable national economy growth, people’s material life quality has a great improvement accordingly, thus there emerges an increasingly tremendous demand for cultural and recreational consumption（文化和娱乐消费）.
      首先，随着我国国民经济的持续增长，人们的物质生活质量也随之有很大提高。因此，人们对文化和娱乐消费需求与日俱增。
      On national policies, cinema construction has been massively expanded, the potential of mass cultural consumption has been fully tapped （挖掘）, and the consumption channels of mass culture has been vastly broadened.
      在国家政策鼓励下，影院建设得到大幅度增加，大众文化消费潜力得到充分挖掘，大众文化消费渠道得到广泛拓宽。; 6、餐饮类图书       Secondly, some best-sellers on diet culture such as A Bite of China reignite （重燃）people’s interest in the splendid food cultures, leading to more sales of this kind of books.
      其次，《舌尖上的中国》之类有关饮食文化的畅销书重燃了人们对灿烂的饮食文化的兴趣，带动了这类书的销售。
      Lastly, with the rapid development of the economy and the rising living standard, people’s dietary habits and consumption idea have changed so much that they become more willing to accept Western diet and even prepare it themselves with the help of books on Western food.
      最后一点，随着经济的快速发展和生活水平的不断提高，人们的饮食习惯和消费观念发生了改变。他们更容易接受西方饮食了，甚至借助于西餐类图书自己动手烹饪西餐。

热高分热文: Directions       Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should
      1) interpret the chart, and
      2) give your comments
      You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points);       From the chart above, we can see the numbers of beds per thousand older people in elder-care institutions of some Chinese cities and the developed countries. Though the numbers for some cities, such as Guangzhou, Wuhan and Beijing, are higher than the average number for the whole country, which is 21.5, they are still much lower than that of developed countries, which is 60.
      There are many factorscontributing to （促成） the above-mentioned phenomenon, but in general, they may come down to（可以归结为） two major ones. To begin with, the tradition of supporting the elders at home in China has hindered the development of nursing institutions. What’s more, while the aging of the population （老龄化） is speeding up （加速）, the attention placed on the elders is insufficient.
      Considering the big gap between China and the developed countries, it is high time for us to take measures to close the gap. First, we should change our idea that nursing institutions are only for whose children don’t respect them. In addition, more funds should be invested for the construction of elder-care institutions. Only in this way can we construct a society in which the elderly are looked after properly.

译精彩翻译:       从上图中，我们可以看到中国的一些城市的养老机构每千名老人床位数，以及发达国家的相应数目。虽然一些城市，比如广州、武汉和北京，这一数值高于全国平均水平数21.5，但是它们仍比发达国家的数目60低很多。
      导致上述现象的因素有很多，但大体上可以归结为两个主要因素。首先，中国的家庭养老传统阻碍了养老机构的发展。另外，人口老龄化的速度在加快，但对老年人的关注却不够。
      考虑到中国和发达国家的这一巨大差异，是时候采取行动弥补差距了。首先，我们应当改变“养老机构只是为了儿女不好的老人准备的”这一观点。此外，应该投入更多的资金建设养老机构。只有这样，我们才能建设一个“老有所养”的社会。

Top 3 网络科技专题 押题统计：张剑、蒋军虎、新东方、陈正康

述相关表述: 1、支付方式       The first and foremost one is the rapid development of information technology and the popularity of smart phones, which make mobile payment technically guaranteed and feasible among common people.
      首先，信息科技的快速发展和智能手机的普及，使得手机支付在技术上得到保证，并且在普通大众中变得可行。
      Lastly, it must be stressed that the present situation, to a large degree, stems from （源于） China’s revolutionary renovation of paying system and the perfection of related rules and regulations.
      最后必须要强调，目前的情况，在很大程度上源于中国支付体制的革命性变革和相关规章制度的完善。; 2、消费者网购满意度 To begin with, laws and regulations need to be carried out more strictly to punish those who sell fake and low-quality commodities. Furthermore, consumers need to enhance their own sense of （加强意识）self-protection against online frauds（网络欺诈）. Last but not least, platforms and online stores are supposed to deal with the after-sale disputes（售后纠纷） in time with a responsible attitude.
首先，需要更加严格执法，更加严格执行规章制度，对那些贩卖假冒伪劣产品的人予以惩处。其次，消费者需要增强网络欺诈的自我保护意识。最后，销售平台和网店应该以负责任的态度及时解决售后纠纷。; 3、网民比例意度       Online shopping, for instance, has become a part of many young people’s life. Older people, on the other hand, may not be familiar with or even have doubts about these uses of Internet.
      比如说，网购已经成为很多年轻人生活的一部分。另一方面，老年人对互联网的这些应用还不熟悉甚至是持怀疑态度。
      From what has been discussed above,we may safely draw the conclusion that this phenomenon has much to do with people’s education level and life style. With time going by, more people will need to and be able to use Internet and hence the proportions of adult users will become more evenly distributed.
      综上所述，我们可以放心地得出结论，这种现象与人们的教育水平和生活方式密切相关。随着时间推移，更多的人将需要并且能够使用互联网，因此成年网民的比例分布将变得均衡。

热高分热文: Directions       Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
      1) describe the chart, and
      2) give your comments
      You should write at least 150 words.
      Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points);       The bar chart clearly reflects the statistics of consumers’ satisfaction degree with online shopping in a certain city. According to the data given, we can see that the most dissatisfying situation is consumers’ complaints about the quality of products, taking up 59.45%. The second problem is that the advertising is not in consistent with the products, occupying 53.48%. Meanwhile, the proportion of consumers’ dissatisfaction with delivery problems and online frauds are almost the same, at 33.58% and 31.84% respectively. In contrast, the proportion of their dissatisfaction with after-sale service is relatively low, at 26.87%.
      The chart obviously reveals the problems with online shopping. The following factors may account for these problems. In the first place, putting profit-seeking first, the producers and sellers do not take the quality seriously. In the second, poor traffic conditions and lack of sense of responsibility with the delivery people may have caused the delivery problems. In the third, the difficulty in the law enforcement is partly responsible for the prevalence of Internet frauds （网络诈骗）. All these can make a great damage to the environment of online shopping and especially the confidence of consumers.
      We can address the problems with the approaches listed below. To begin with, laws and regulations need to be carried out more strictly to punish those who sell fake and low-quality commodities. Furthermore, consumers need to enhance their own sense of self-protection against online frauds. Last but not least, platforms and online stores are supposed to deal with the after-sale disputes in time with a responsible attitude.

译精彩翻译:       这个柱形图清楚地展示了某市消费者对于网络购物的满意情况。从所给出的数据中，我们可以看到，最不满意的情况是消费者抱怨产品质量差，占59.45%。第二个不满意的问题是宣传广告与产品不符，占53.48%。同时，消费者对于快递和网络欺诈问题的不满意程度基本差不多，分别占33.58%和31.84%。而对售后服务的不满意程度相对较低，占26.87%。
      图表明确地揭示出网络购物存在的问题。以下因素可以解释这些问题。首先，生产者和销售者唯利是图，并不重视质量。其次，由于交通状况较差和快递人员缺乏责任感，可能出现配送问题。再次，执法难度大是网络诈骗盛行的部分原因。所有这些都会极大破坏网络购物环境，尤其是打击消费者的信心。
      我们可以采用以下方法来解决这些问题。首先，需要更加严格执法，更加严格执行规章制度，对那些贩卖假冒伪劣产品的人予以惩罚。其次，消费者需要增强网络欺诈的自我保护意识。最后，销售平台和网店应该以负责的态度及时解决售后纠纷。

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TOP 4 经济专题 押题统计：张剑、蒋军虎、新东方、陈正康

述相关表述: 1、手机市场份额 To start, with the astonishing advancing rate of technological progression and innovation in recent years, cutting-edge technology （尖端技术） has been applied to domestic-made phone, and China’s independent mobile phone brands have risenby leaps and bounds （突飞猛进地）, which fundamentally enhances its cost performance and competition.
首先，随着近几年科技进步和创新以令人震惊的速度向前发展，尖端技术被广泛应用到国产手机生产制作中。这从根本上提高了国产手机的性价比和竞争力。因此，中国的自主手机品牌以一种很快的速度崛起。; 2、我国汽车产量       In addition, it must be pointed out that with people’s disposable income growing and the price of domestically-produced cars falling significantly, domestic automobiles enter more and more families as a necessary means of transportation, thus promoting the automobile industry.
      另外，必须指出的是，随着国民可支配收入的增加，以及国产汽车价格的大幅下降，汽车作为一种必要的交通工具进入越来越多的家庭，从而推动了汽车行业的发展。
      From my perspective, as a result of the boom in the automobile industry, the total number of vehicles in cities has witnessed a great increase, raising concerns about the environmental pollution and the traffic jam. Therefore, we should take effective measures to, if not avert, mitigate such problems.
      依我之见，汽车行业的繁荣造成城市里的汽车的总量大增，引起环境污染、交通拥堵等令人担忧的问题。所以，我们要采取有效措施，缓解乃至避免这些问题。

热高分热文: Directions       Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should
      1) interpret the chart, and
      2) give your comments
      You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points);       The bar above demonstrates clearly that significant changes have taken place with respect to the market shares in domestic smart phone of Huawei and Apple brand from 2012 to 2017. In the light of the given information, it can be noticed, within just five years, there was a marked jump of 25% from 15% to 40% in the market share of Huawei mobile phone, while that of Apple brand declined slightly, by 5% from 35% to 30%.
      It is no difficult job to point out some influences accounting for these changes. To start, with the astonishing advancing rate of technological progression and innovation （科技进步和创新惊人的发展速度）in recent years, cutting-edge technology（尖端技术） has been applied to domestic-made phone, and China’s independent mobile phone brands have risen by leaps and bounds （突飞猛进地）, which fundamentally enhances its cost performance and competition. Furthermore, the fact cannot be ignored that this phenomenon is bound up with operator’s policies and ingenious tactics. It is reported that many Chinese smart phone manufactures have turned to price promotions to boost sales. Lastly, we may notice, the optimization of home-made mobile phone, which is made based on our national conditions, produces a contributing effect as well.
      Although nowadays many people talk about the need to be unselfish and to help others, we see very few people practicing what they preach. But you showed by your actions that you are an exception. I must thank you again for your generous help（慷慨的帮助）.
      Considering the arguments above, we can conclude with confidence that this trend is quite positive and therefore beneficial. And I firmly believe that this tendency will keep going in the years to come.

译精彩翻译:       上述饼状图清晰地表明，国内华为和苹果智能手机的市场份额发生了很大变化。根据提供的信息，我们可以看到，仅仅在5年之内，华为手机市场份额有25%的大幅度增长，从2012年的15%增长到2017年的40%。然而苹果手机市场份额有5%的小幅度下跌，从35%下降到30%。
      指出引起这些变化的一些影响因素并非难事。首先，随着近几年科技进步和创新以令人震惊的速度向前发展，尖端的技术被广泛引用到国产手机生产制造中，这从根本上提高了国产手机的性价比和竞争力。因此，中国的自主手机品牌以一种很快的速度崛起。其次，有一个事实不能忽略，这一现象与经营者的巧妙政策和策略有关。据报道，许多中国智能手机制造商纷纷转向价格促销来增加销量。最后，我们可以看到，国产手机基于我们本土国情做的很多优化，对这个现象也起到了促进作用。
      综上所述，我们可以有把握地得出结论：该趋势完全是积极有益的。我坚信这个趋势在未来数年仍将持续。

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述相关表述: 1、控制温室气体排放的年龄差异
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that this phenomenon has much to do with people’s education level, life style and people’s awareness of environmental conservation. With time going by, more people will understand the importance of curbing greenhouses gas emission（温室气体排放） regardless of age group.
综上所述，我们可以放心地得出结论：这一现象与人们的教育水平、生活方式以及环境保护意识有很大的关系。随着时间的推移，越来越多的人会理解温室气体排放的重要性，不论老少。; 2、PM 2.5源分析排
      What’s more, with increased temperatures worldwide, increase in sea levels and melting of ice from colder regions and icebergs, displacement and loss of habitat have already signaled an impending disaster and actions for preservation and normalization should be undertaken soon.
      更重要的是，随着全球温度增加,海平面上升和寒冷地区的冰雪融化，流离失所和失去栖息地已经预示着一场即将来临的灾难，必须采取保护行动。
      Emission standards must be also established, the limits for particulars must be set and laws must be legislated to punish the air polluters.
      必须建立排放标准、对特殊情况设限。必须立法来惩罚空气污染者。

热高分热文: Directions       Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should
      1) interpret the chart, and
      2) give your comments
      You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points);       The pie chart above depicts the proportion of several sources of atmospheric particulate matter （颗粒物）, PM 2.5 in particular. Apparently, it manifests that human activities, such as coal combustion （煤燃烧）, the burning of fossil fuels in vehicles, power plants and various industrial processes generate significant amounts of particulates.
      The aim of the drawing is to revel the causes of air pollution which is getting increasingly serious in our modern society. In fact, PM 2.5 crisis should be our uppermost （最主要的） concern. Otherwise, human health will not be guaranteed and our environment is bound to deteriorate （恶化）. To begin with, inhalation of particulate pollution can have adverse（不利的） health impacts. Even for healthy people, polluted air can cause respiratory irritation （呼吸道刺激） or breathing difficulties during exercise or outdoor activities. What’s more, with increased temperature worldwide, increase in sea levels and melting of ice from colder regions and icebergs, displacement and loss habitat have already signaled an impending disaster and actions for preservation and normalization should be undertaken soon.
      Therefore, counter-measures to deal with PM 2.5 crisis should be taken so as to return human a safe, healthy environment to live in. Emission standards must be also established, the limits for particulars must be set and laws must be legislated to punish the air polluters.

译精彩翻译: ：
      上面的饼图描绘了大气颗粒物的几个来源，尤其是PM2.5的比例。显然，这表明人类的活动，如煤炭燃烧，车辆，电厂和各种工业过程中化石燃料的燃烧产生大量的颗粒物。
      这幅图的目的就是为了揭示现在社会空气污染越来越严重的原因。事实上，PM2.5应该是我们最关心的问题。否则，人类的健康就不能保证，环境必然会恶化。首先，吸入颗粒物会对健康产生不利影响。即使对于健康的人来说，污染的空气也会在运动或户外活动中引起呼吸刺激或呼吸困难。更重要的是，随着全球温度增加，海平面上升和寒冷地区的冰雪融化，流离失所和失去栖息地已经预示着一场即将来临的灾难，必须采取保护行动。
      因此，应该采取措施应对PM2.5危机，使人类重新生活在一个安全，健康的环境中。必须建立排放标准、对特殊情况设限，必须立法来惩罚空气污染者。