比如2004年考研真题中的一句:Children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure.和2006年考研真题中的一句:The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living.此句中whereby意为:“借此,凭这个”,在这个句子中用作关系副词,相当于“by which”。类似用法还有wherein和whereupon等。
给大家分析三个真题中含有定语从句的句子。
During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realities.在这个句子中,that是关系词,在定语从句中做主语,先行词是前面的美国中产阶层家庭,把定语从句去掉,主干就剩下了the American middle-class family had been transformed by economic risk and new realities.整句话的意思是:在过去的几十年,美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平条件以维持其收入稳定的中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。
Those who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed.在这句话中,who是关系词,在定语从句中做主语,先行词是前面的单词whose,把定语从句去掉,主干就剩下了Those will survive and succeed.整句话的意思是:那些拥有准确、可靠的最新信息以解决日常问题、解决业务和社会与家庭生活中重大问题的人才能得以生存和获得成功。