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考研英语语法重难点精解(29):虚拟语气(2)


  八、“It is(high) time that”或“It seems to be(high) time that...”
  “It is(high) time that”或“It seems to be(high)time that...”用来表示对现在或将来事实的一种假设,从句中动词用过去式。
  例句: If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry. (2001年第1题)
  分析: 该句是复合句,it would be about time...表示与现在相反假设的主句。
  译文: 要是在电影院里的话,我会把头埋在双手间痛哭一场。
  例句: It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan.
  (选自1998年Text 1)
  分析: 该句是复合句。
  译文: 现在是整个世界从阿斯旺水坝中吸取教训的时候了。

  九、表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义的动词引导的宾语从句
  表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义的动词引导宾语从句,从句中动词为(should)+实义动词(原形)。
  这类动词有:advise, suggest, propose, consent, decide, command, demand, desire, insist, move(提议), order, prefer, request, require, recommend, urge, vote(提议), ask, maintain, arrange, intend, direct。
  例句: We desire that the tour leader inform us immediately of any change in plans.
  分析: 该句是复合句,其中短语inform sb. of sth.意为“告知某人某事”。
  译文: 我们希望旅游的组织者能立刻告知我们计划的变动。
  例句: NBAC(National Bioethics Advisory Commission) will ask that Clintons 90day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law. (选自1999年Text 4)
  分析: 该句是复合句,其中that Clintons...及that it be made law是谓语动词ask两并列宾语从句,同时使用了虚拟语气,介词短语on...cloning修饰ban。
  译文: 美国国家生命伦理咨询委员会将要求克林顿总统禁止联邦资金用于克隆人类90天的禁令无限期延长,并且有可能将此立法。

  十、表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义名词的同位语从句或表语从句
  把上述动词变成名词,其后的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语动词仍用(should)+实义动词(原形)虚拟式,其中move的名词由motion替代,其他名词形式为:advice, suggestion, proposal, consent, decision, command, demand, desire, insistence, order, preference, request, requirement, recommendation, urgency, vote, maintenance, arrangement, intention, direction。
  例句: Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
  分析: 该句是复合句,that it be analyzed in a religious...是insistence的同位语从句,be前省略了should, as well as...是介词短语。
  译文: 琼·瓦戈纳对美国黑人诗歌研究的最杰出的贡献是,他坚持认为不仅要以世俗的观点也要以宗教的参考框架来分析他们的诗。

  十一、It is/was+形容词+that...主语从句
  在It is/was+形容词+that...主语从句中,从句谓语形式为(should)+实义动词(原形),这些形容词有:
  (一)一般形容词
  如appropriate, essential, important, (im)possible, natural, vital, obligatory, thoughtful, necessary, probable, preferable, urgent等。
  例句: It is essential that people be psychologically able to resist the impact brought about by transition from planned economy to market economy. (1996年第12题)
  分析: 该句是复合句,其中it是形式主语,that people be psychologically able to resist the impact是真正的主语, brought about作定语修饰the impact, 介词短语from planned economy to market economy修饰transition。
  译文: 人们应该从心理上抵制计划经济向市场经济过渡所带来的影响,这是必需的。

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