1. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at
1. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men.
【译文】每出生一百位女婴就约有一百零五位男婴降生,但到成年,这一比例基本持平,七十多岁的老人里,健在的老年女性的数量是老年男性的二倍。
【析句】这个长句比较简单,是由三个简单句由and、but连接,形成简单的并列或转折关系,每个简单句中没有增加句子长度的从句。
2. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate.
【译文】这意味着到了男孩寻找伴侣的关键年龄将首次出现男孩过剩。
【析句】这是一个很典型的复合长句,首先抓主干,主句是一个简单句This means that...,从句在mean后是宾语从句;主句没有从句,这意味着不必分析“主从”;看“从从”,宾语从句there will be an...years后有一个when引导的时间状语从句。至此,基本的逻辑关系就分析清楚了。
3. The grand mediocrity of today -- everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring -- means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.
【译文】今天这种每个人的生存机会和子女数量都相同的极其显著的平均化,意味着与部落相比,自然选择在印度社会中、上层中已经失去了80%的效力。
【析句】句子的主干是The grand mediocrity of today means that...(主句)+the natural selection...(宾语从句),破折号之间是伴随状语;主句和从句中都没有进一步的从句,因此整句话相对来说不难理解。
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